A Rational Reconstruction of Misbehavior

Classic social psychological research suggests that humans are more susceptible to social influence than they should be. This discrepancy between observed and normative behavior is often taken as the footprint of irrational reasoning. As much of the studied behavior is also socially undesirable, there is a dual verdict of irrationality and immorality. Using concepts and analytical tools from decision and game theories, we propose a rational reconstruction of key instances of misbehavior. Conforming with one's peers, obeying legitimate authority, and being less helpful when in a group of bystanders can be modeled as the outcomes of intelligent information processing and strategic behavioral choice. Yet, a reconstruction of rationality does not entail a reconstruction of morality.